10 Things to Know About President Lyndon B. Johnson

Music Which Cultures are Known for Plagiarism Essay

Plagiarism is merely theft, it is the worst kind of stealing where a person takes the intellectual property/ ideas of another person and tries to pass them as his own, in other words it is simply cheating on oneself and others. Plagiarism occurs in many fields such as writing, technology, play production, architecture and many others†¦ But in this essay we are going to focus on plagiarism in music , specially that in the Arab world people are still ignorant of such kind of plagiarism, and there is barley any effective law that protects musicians from plagiarism. So how can a musician â€Å"quote† or use a musical part without plagiarizing it, and which cultures are known for plagiarism? To answer the first part of question, musicians can†¦show more content†¦Many composers were known to keep copy books with them at all times in order to write down any inspiration that they may get from hearing other pieces. For example: Mozart knowingly copied a Clementi sonata f or the overture to his Magic Flute. Schubert introduced many tributes to Beethoven in his14th String Quartet Recently in the 1950s, Shostakovich sarcastically commented on the issue of plagiarism in music by using a part of the famous We Wish You a Merry Christmas, in his Prelude No. 15 in D Flat, Op. 87. Moreover, contemporary modern American music had fell in the trap of plagiarism and they had stolen many Arabic music and used them in there own songs, where there tunes had added an oriental different style adding on to musical piece, yet it was done illegally making it plagiarism and the pioneer in plagiarizing Arabic music to be used in American music is non other then one of the most famous American producers and composers Timbaland. Where he stole the music from â€Å"khosara† a song by Abdel Halim Hafez and used it for â€Å"Big Pimpin† by Jay-Z the song was an instant hit in US and the world due to the oriental flavor and the richness of such mix. Another was â€Å"Don’t Know What To Tell Ya† 2003† sung by Aaliyah before she tragically died in an ai rplane accident the tune of that song was taken from â€Å"Batwanness Bik† by Warda on of the most known songs in the Arab world , another songs to add to the list are : Justin Timberlake –Show MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Plagiarism591 Words   |  2 PagesPlagiarism Introduction: Innovative is the most pronounced word now-a-days. Any place, whether it is school, college, work place innovation is of utmost importance. We are expected to complete home work or a assignment by our own thinking or thought process. With the development of technology such as internet, communication devices ideas regardless of subject are shared and studied, at least viewed by numerous peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of Lawrence Lessig s Remix : Making Art And Commerce Thrive1448 Words   |  6 Pagescontemporary art and design, particularly fortified by Postmodernity. Martino Gamper, sister duo Soda_Jerk and Glenn Brown are significant artists in this ‘remix culture’ that redefine the way the world is perceived through the reproduction and recyclability of their works and the works of others. Remix culture, or ‘read-write culture’ , lets people generate â€Å"art as readily as they consume it† . In Lawrence Lessig’s book Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid Economy, he argues thatRead MoreCriminal Copyright And Intellectual Property Laws1736 Words   |  7 Pageswith criminal copyright and intellectual property law is of course the internet. With the internet came an exponential increase in the rate at which copyright infringement occurs. The internet has also made it increasingly difficult to enforce copyright laws. Images are constantly being copied, music and videos are constantly being shared, and plagiarism can happen at a much easier rate. Legislation has changed so much since the advent of the internet that it led to the question how much is enoughRead MoreTelecommunication Is The Real Face Of The Advances Of Information Technology1084 Words   |  5 Pagesare enough to complete a telecommunication process. The channel can be a cable, electromagnetic waves or fiber optics. This system is interconnected in a very large network on which all communications in the world is done. A simple fixed telephone call, a cellphone call, a satellite transmission, an e-mail, a download of a music, everything is possible because of this network. Even though the main goal of this network is the communication, it can go beyond this. Actually, this large system supportsRead MoreThe Digital Age And The Music Industry1793 Words   |  8 Pagesonly printed and bound on paper, and music was stored on vinyl records. With the introduction of the digital age and the use of binary code to transmit information, it has suddenly become much easier to infringe on copyright laws (Ford, Adam, and C. Ames Cushman). For example, the website â€Å"Napster† was founded in 1999 as a music downloading website that expanded until it had 38 million users. Unfortunately, the website was not paying for the numerous copies of music it was allowing its users to downloadRead MoreThe Importance Of Cultural Appropriation1716 Words   |  7 Pagesas: â€Å"The act of taking or using things from a culture that is not your own, especially without showing that you understand or respect this culture.† There are various opinions and feelings on t his topic. Some believe it is very offensive and should not be done, some believe it happens but is unavoidable and everyone should get used to it, or some believe it doesn’t exist at all. I think it’s ok for cultures to connect by sharing elements of their culture, but not to take over ideas and rename themRead MoreApplication Of A Master Of Public Health Campus1621 Words   |  7 Pagescourse. Copyright in assignments remains my property. I grant permission to the University to make copies of assignments for assessment, review and/or record keeping purposes. I note that the University reserves the right to check my assignment for plagiarism. Should the reproduction of all or part of an assignment be required by the University for any purpose other than those mentioned above, appropriate authorisation will be sought from me on the relevant form. OFFICE USE ONLY If handing in an assignmentRead MoreLeadership As A Genre For Arguments Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pagestheories of the world. It offers several insights from an ancient perspective of the present era implementing from persuasion how to effectively use communication. Philosophers layered thought process were influential by illustrating ideas, avoiding plagiarism, writing, speeches, text, and styles. Globally communication has been organized to deliver other ways for moral or a natural approach in theory to persuade supporters. When observing leaders and philosopher’s theory, cognitive, and measures of conventionalRead MoreMusic and Copyright Essay3068 Words   |  13 PagesMusic has a powerful influence on society, like mass media and television. In our society today, music has the ability to define our culture. Many people around the world listen to music while driving, at work, doing housework, or even studying. Music may be seen as simple and unproblematic, but looking at the structure behind it is very important. One of the key features of music is music copyright and what that means to the music industry. Defining what this means in the historical context is ofRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance And The Golden Age For African Americans1843 Words   |  8 Pagesmake it happen. Look at the wonderful things to come from it {Jazz, NAACP, and multiple iconic literary books that are still read today}. The Harlem Renaissance created the golden age for African Americans culture as they communicated their feelings and ideas through literature, art, and music. The Harlem Renaissance was a nationwide movement that occurred around 1920. After World War I African Americans had very little. They didn’t have many rights or personal values. However, wanted much more.

Shareholders Rights Free Essays

Requirements for Valid Action at a Shareholder Meeting * Read statute, bylaws and articles * 1. Authority for the meeting * 2. Proper notice (or waiver of notice) * 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Shareholders Rights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Quorum * 4. Required number of votes cast in favor 1. Authority for Meeting * The meeting must be authorized * Look to statute and bylaws for authorization * Annual meetings MBCA  §7. 01 * Special meetings MBCA  § 7. 02 * Court ordered meetings MBCA  § 7. 03 * Who may call a special shareholders meeting? 2. Proper Notice * See MBCA  § 7. 05; Del.  § 222 * a) Must the meeting notice state the purpose of the meeting? Annual meeting MBCA  § 7. 05(b) * Special meeting MBCA  § 7. 05(c) * NOTE: A number of provisions in the applicable corporation statute will contain special notice provisions. See, e. g. , MBCA  §10. 03(d) * b) Who is entitled to notice? * generally only shareholders entitled to vote MBCA  § 7. 05(a) * only shareholders on record date MBCA  § 7. 07; Del.  § 213 * Note: In some cases shareholder who are not entitled to vote are entitled to notice. See, e. g. , MBCA  §Ã‚ § 10. 03(d) 11. 04(d). * c) What about electronic notice? * See MBCA  § 1. 1( c); Del.  § 232 * d) Can notice be waived? * Notice (or a defect in a notice) may be waived expressly or by participation in the meeting. See MBCA  § 7. 06; Del.  § 229 * e) What notice is required in the case of an adjourned meeting? * See MBCA  § 7. 05(e) 3. Quorum Requirement * See MBCA  § 7. 25(a); Del.  § 216 * a) Can a greater or lesser quorum be authorized? * See MBCA  § 7. 27. The articles of incorporation may provide for a greater than majority quorum * See MBCA  § 7. 25 Official Comment 5 (lesser quorum) * Compare Del. 216, which also permits the bylaws to vary the quorum requirement * Why would a corporation permit a lower than majority quorum? * b) Can shareholder, by withdrawing from a meeting, break a quorum? * See MBCA  § 7. 25(b) (no) * Not all corporation statutes (e. g. , Del. ) address this issue * There is some case law contra to the position adopted by the MBCA 4. Required Number of Votes * Traditionally the required number of votes is a majori ty of those present in person or by proxy. See Del.  § 216 * The Revised Model Act takes a different approach. See MBCA  § 7. 5(c) * What is the difference between the Del. approach and the MBCA approach? * What about elections of directors? * The trend is to merely require a plurality of votes cast. See MBCA  § 7. 28(a) and Del.  § 216 * What is cumulative voting for directors? How does it compare with straight voting for directors? * See MBCA  § 7. 28(c); Del.  § 214 * What are the advantages of cumulative voting? * What are the possible disadvantages of cumulative voting? * Only a small minority of states require cumulative voting * Of those that permit cumulative voting, most (including the MBCA and Del. are â€Å"opt in† statutes * Why does the MBCA require notice before cumulative voting is permitted? * How valuable is cumulative voting? * a) Can the amount of votes required for shareholder action be increased? * See MBCA  § 7. 27 and Del.  § 216 * Del. allows supermajority voting requirements to be placed either in the certificate or bylaws * b) Some types of shareholder action have special voting requirements * Some types of action require a majority of the votes entitled to be cast. See, e. g. , MBCA  § 10. 03(e) * Non-voting shareholders may have statutory right to vote on some things. See Del.  § 351 * IT IS IMPORTANT TO READ THE STATUTE What about meeting minutes? * Is a meeting valid without minutes? Supermajority Quorum or Voting Provisions * The ability to raise quorum and vote requirements provides a tool that may be used to protect minority shareholders * Use of this tool increases possibility of shareholder deadlock * Is deadlock necessarily bad? Determining Who is Entitled to Vote * How does a corporation determine who is entitled to vote (and to notice)? * See MBCA  § 7. 07 * What about beneficial owners? * See MBCA  § 1. 40(22) and Del. 219(c) * See also MBCA  § 7. 23. There is no equivalent Del. provision Proxy Appointments * Does a shareholder have to be present in order to vote? * See MBCA  § 7. 22 and Del.  § 212 * Why is a proxy appointment generally only valid for a limited period of time? * MBCA (11 months); Del. (3 years) * When is a proxy appointment revocable? * Generally this is a question of agency law * The MBCA has a detailed pr ovision on revocability * A number of problems can arise from the use of proxies. One is that of conflicting proxies * Is an e-mail, telegraphic or facsimile proxy valid? See MBCA  § 7. 22(b); Del.  § 212(c) (d) * While the typical corporation statute does not impose significant requirements as to the form of a proxy, the SEC proxy rules do impose requirements for publicly held corporations * See SEC Rule 14a-4, suppl. p. 1671 Conduct of the Meeting * The Revised Model Act now includes some rules governing the conduct of a shareholder meeting. * See MBCA  § 7. 08 * There is no comparable Del. provision * The bylaws of a Del. corporation may include provisions similar to the rules in the MBCA. Cf. sample bylaws, suppl. . 1117 Election Inspectors * The Revised Model Act and the Del. Act require some corporations to have election inspectors and set out the duties of such inspectors * See MBCA  § 7. 29. See also Del.  § 231 * In other corporations, the bylaws may provide for election inspectors Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting * Do you have to have a shareholder meeting? * Action may be taken by signed written consent without a meeting * See MBCA  § 7. 04 and Del.  § 228 * Notice may be required to nonvoting shareholders or, in Del. to non-consenting shareholders * Read the applicable statute! * Can the written consent procedure be used in publicly held corporations? * Why or why not? * Can a written consent be revoked? * See MBCA  § 7. 04(b) Welcome to the 21st Century To what extent may electronic forms of communication or participation be used? * Can notice be given electronically? MBCA  § 1. 41(c); Del.  § 232 * Can a person participate in a meeting without being there? Del.  § 211(a); MBCA  § 7. 09. * Can a meeting occur completely in cyberspace? Del.  § 211(a) How to cite Shareholders Rights, Essay examples

Campaign Finance Reform Essay Example For Students

Campaign Finance Reform Essay CAMPAIGN FINANCE REFORMThe campaign finance system is corrupted. Spending is out of control, and there are various loopholes in federal campaign finance law. Money buys access and influence, which effectively causes the majority of Americans to have no real capacity to influence public policy. State and federal legislation is needed to fight corruption and unjust influence, to ensure the publics right to know where a candidates money comes from, to enable all candidates to compete equitably in elections, and to allow maximum citizen participation in the political process. Rock the Vote believes that the McCain-Feingold Campaign Finance Reform Bill, in its current state, should be the first piece of legislation signed into law in 2001. Bolder approaches could include: reducing the duration of political campaigns; requiring television and radio stations to air campaign advertising free of charge as a condition for maintaining their broadcast licenses; barring campaign advertising from the airwaves altogether; or placing strict limits on the amounts of money that can be spent by candidates and any and all of their supporters. Rock the Vote supports passing comprehensive legislation for meaningful campaign finance reform. -The Mccain-Feingold bill proposes to end the soft money system by prohibiting candidates and national political parties from raising soft money. Soft money is a financial contribution intended to be used for issues advertising that dies not advocate on behalf of, or against, a specific candidate. Political parties currently use the legality of soft-money donations as a loophole in current campaign finance law, finding ways to channel this money into candidates campaigns. The McCain-Feingold bill prohibits state political parties from spending soft money on activities which affect federal elections, The Current practice of raising unlimited soft money contributions from contributions, unions and wealthy individuals, and then channeling this money into federal elections, would end. The national parties would be required to raise all of their funds under the limits and restrictions in the law. Rock the vote advocates the signing the McCain-Feingold bill into law. Caps must be placed on campaign finance spending. Eliminating the soft-money loophole is one way to monitor, and hopefully restrict, the influence of corporate interest on candidates.

Are Humans Animals, Or Are They Something More Essays - Antigone

Are Humans Animals, Or Are They Something More? Human beings should be more than animals, but are they really? In Republic, by Plato, Antigone, by Sophocles, The Aeneid of Virgil, by Virgil, and On Justice Power and Human Nature, by Thucydides, it seems as though human beings really are nothing more than animals. Animals are thought of as not caring about anyone but himself or herself. It is survival of the fittest, if you are not strong enough, someone else will take your place. Human should be caring for other human beings, if someone is in trouble, another human should help them. This is not the way it is in these 3 works. Humans don't care about anyone but themselves, they kill so they can better themselves, and don't care what happens. It seems as people are getting murdered all the time to take power, and the killer, instead of being jailed, is now the leader. In Plato's Republic, he basically designs a caste system. People are chosen at birth what level they will be in society, and there is nothing they can do about this. This is almost like a food chain. In regards to reproduction, Socrates severely regulates sex. Socrates proposes a rigged lottery to ensure that the best man has sex with the best woman, and all women and children are shared between all the men. People can only have sex within their own class to guarantee the finest genetics. After the babies are born, the rulers will take them; the babies of the lesser classes will be left to die, whereas the babies of the upper class will take care of by nurses. This is totally barbaric, even animals know what happens to their offspring, whether they die due to a predator or they become healthy adults. In this situation it is humans being the predator. (Plato p.125) In Antigone, Creon is about as close to an animal as you can get. He refuses to bury his own nephew, Polynices. Even if Creon didn't want him buried in Thebes, he could at least have his body sent back to his city to be buried. Then, after he finds out that Antigone buried Polynices, he sentences her, and her sister Ismene to death. He just assumes that Ismene helped Antigone, even though Ismene tried to talk Antigone out of burying Polynices. Even though Antigone seems the most human, or least animal like for trying to give her brother a proper burial, she tells Creon that she would not have done it for her husband, or child. (Antigone p.105) This brings Antigone down to the level of an animal because she would just let her husband's or child's body rot on the ground. Haemon is the only one in this play that does anything respectable by killing himself to show Creon that he was wrong by forbidding the burial of Polynices, and sentencing Antigone to death for burying Polynices. The Aeneid of Virgil gives some of the best examples of how humans are nothing more than animals. ?Within, unholy Rage shall sit on his ferocious weapons, bound behind his back by a hundred knots of brass; he shall groan horribly with bloody lips.? (Virgil p.11) This sounds incredibly barbaric. This shows that the urge for war in ancient Rome is so strong, that it can almost not be withstood. It has to be held back with something so strong, Virgil describes it as brass. Humans are thought of as being civil, and at peace with each other. Looking for war all the time is more animal like. Animals kill other animals for food; humans are killing humans for bragging rights. All their looking for is to expand their empire. Expanding your empire is not necessary as long as it is being sustained as it is. ?Three times Achilles had dragged Hector round the walls of Troy, selling his lifeless body for gold.? (Virgil p 18) This is absolutely repulsive. Selling a dead man's body for gold is totally not called for. Hector was Troy's most fearless warrior. Achilles succeeded in killing him, let the man be buried, not dragged around the city. This is like an animal dragging his prey home to

Price discrimination and monopolistic competition

Price discrimination and monopolistic competition Introduction Consumers engage in a comprehensive decision making process in their consumption processes. Some of the elements that consumers are concerned with relate to product quality and price. Consumers have limited income, and thus they select what to purchase and at what price. Boyes (2011) posits, â€Å"Consumers are heterogeneous in their preferences between price and quality† (p.29).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Price discrimination and monopolistic competition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The consumers’ decision to purchase a particular product is motivated by the desire to attain a certain desired level of utility. On the other hand, firms provide consumers with a wide range of products and services, which are offered at different prices. Product pricing is subject to different factors; for example, the cost of production, product quality, and the firm’s profit maximisation obje ctive. According to Hirschey (2009), businesses have an obligation to set optimal product prices failure to which they will not be in a position to achieve their profit maximisation objectives. Despite this aspect, the ability of an organisation to set optimal price is subject to the prevailing level of competition. According to Varian (2010), the competitive market is characterised by a large number of firms that deal identical products and this aspect limits a firm’s ability to exploit the consumers by selling the product at a high price. Varian (2010) asserts, â€Å"Any attempt by one of the firms to sell its products at a higher price than the market price leads consumers to desert the high of third-degree discrimination occurs in learning institutions whereby students are offered products and services at a discount at the University Union shops. The shops command a certain degree of monopoly. Moreover, it is possible for the union shops to identify the students as the t argeted consumer group. Consequently, they are in a position to offer products at discounted prices. Publishing companies such as The Wall Street Journal, Barrons, the Economist, and Forbes offer students huge price discount. Other areas in which third degree price discrimination is applied includes movie theatres whereby the price of movie tickets for adults and children differ. Third-degree price discrimination is also applied in drugstores that provide senior citizens with drugs. Rationale for the third-degree price discrimination; student discounts Most publishing companies are committed in attracting and retaining a large number of students to purchase their academic journals and other publications. Consequently, such companies are forced to adopt effective marketing strategies in order to penetrate the learning institutions. One of the strategies adopted relates to price discrimination. The publishing houses are forced to offer students the publication at a relatively low pric e. The firms are motivated by the view that offering their publications at a discounted price to students will lead to the creation of future loyal customers. Students and senior citizens are considered as very sensitive to price. Therefore, in order to attract a large number of students to consume their products, the firms are forced to price-discriminate by integrating a price discount. Therefore, the publishing firms are in a position to maximise their level of profit by marketing to students as one of their essential sub-markets (Varian 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thirds of the competing firms include the Wall Street Journal, Barrons, the Economist, Harvard Business Review, and Forbes amongst others. Most of these companies target students in different learning institutions as their potential customers. Moreover, there is no law that bars the publishing companies from offering students their products through the union shops. Consequently, the degree of rivalry in such as submarket is likely to be high (Sexton 2008). In order to attract students, the firms are required to adopt effective market penetration strategies such as providing students with different academic publications through their libraries. However, a large number of sellers limit the firms’ ability to control the market. Despite this aspect, the firms are committed towards improving their competitiveness. Therefore, the firms are forced to adopt effective competitive strategies, for example by incorporating a price discount or improving their service delivery. For instanc e, the firms may provide students with an opportunity to subscribe for library services at a reduced price (Sexton 2008). If a particular firm in such a market increases the price of its products, customers have an option to purchase from its competitors. Another major characteristic of a monopolistically competitive market is that entry to the market is free. Therefore, competing firms can freely enter the market and provide consumers with substitute products. The threat of new entrants tends to reduce the level of economic profit. However, considering the view that the publishing firms are profit-oriented, they are forced to formulate effective strategies in order to survive. According to Hall and Lieberman (2013), monopolistic competitors are motivated by the need to maximise profit. Therefore, they tend to move along the demand curve up to a point that will lead to profit maximisation. Furthermore, monopolistic competitors have the option of shifting their demand curves rightwar ds. This goal is achievable via developing products that are more appealing and adopting strategic locations hence attracting consumers. Other forms of non-price competition include offering product guarantees, better services, advertising to inform the consumers, and free home deliveries. Adopting non-price competition improves an organisation’s ability to maximise profit. Despite their effectiveness in influencing the consumers’ purchase decision, monopolistic competitors do not have extensive market powers due to the existence of a large number of rival firms, which offer close substitutes. Most plausible explanation for the pricing strategy This analysis shows that the aforementioned behaviour by publishing companies such as the Economist and the Financial Times can be explained based on two main frameworks, which include price discrimination and monopolistic competition. However, a number of conditions must be satisfied in order for a firm to adopt any of the two strategies. For price discrimination to occur, the market must be characterised by some degree of imperfection. Secondly, a firm must be in a position to split the total market into a number of submarkets. Thirdly, the consumers must be characterised by different price elasticity of demand. These conditions provide the suppliers with an opportunity to set different prices for the same product. Therefore, the firm is in a position to maximise its profit by attracting a large number of customers. In most cases, price discrimination is incorporated with the objective of creating welfare effect on the part of the consumer. The publishing companies are established with the objective of maximising profit. Consequently, they have an obligation to adopt effective pricing strategies. Moreover, the publishing companies operate in an industry that is characterised by intense competition sue to the many firms in the industry. In order to survive in such an industry, the publishing companies are forced to offer their products to students at highly discounted prices. This aspect leads to the development of a high level of customer loyalty. The firms are in a position to attract and retain a large number of customers. Therefore, the monopolistic competition framework can best explain the behaviour of the publishing companies. Conclusion Price is a critical component in the survival of businesses. Moreover, most markets are experiencing an increment in the intensity of competition. Therefore, in order to survive in the long term, it is imperative for businesses to adopt effective pricing strategies in order to maximise their profit, which can be achieved by adopting the concepts of price discrimination. Furthermore, firms can also adopt strategies that will set them as effective monopolistic competitors. Reference List Boyes, W 2011, Managerial economics, Houghton Mifflin, Boston. Cowan, S 2007, ‘The welfare effect of the third degree price discrimination with non-linea r demand functions’, Journal of Economics, vol. 38 no. 2, pp. 419-428. Hall, R Lieberman, M 2013, Economics; principles and applications, Cengage Learning, Mason. Hirschey, M 2009, Managerial economics, Cengage Learning, Mason. Muller-Langer, F 2008, Creating RD incentives for medicines for neglected diseases: An economic analysis of parallel imports, patents and alternative mechanisms to stimulate pharmaceutical research, Gabler, Wiesbaden. Sexton, R 2008, Exploring economics, Thomson, Mason. Varian, H 2010, Intermediate microeconomics, University of California, Berkeley.

Reverse Social Engineering Attacks in Online Social Networks Essay

Reverse Social Engineering Attacks in Online Social Networks - Essay Example However, this significant step is a very ethically sensitive domain, questions addressing the justification of carrying out such a study on real users without their knowledge do arise. However, it is inevitable to examine this issue through this method due to the fact that there is no other alternative methodology available. It was made certain the all the sensitive information was cautiously handled and during aggregate analysis, the data was anonymised and no manual inspection was carried out. Since the experiment was conducted in Europe, the legal department of the institution was consulted which is analogous to Institute Review Board (IRB) in the US and they approved of the data handling procedure. In the study, a single account was initiated which performed a large number of email search queries, the profile was then recommended by the site suggestion system to multiple profiles as a potential friend and as a result, thousand friend requests were received by the account. This wa s to show how easy it is to trick users into establishing a trust relationship in the networking sites. In the second set of experiments, five different attack profiles were generated for three social networks. The attackers rely on a form of baiting system in which the victim is lured to contact the attacker itself. Two types of attack exist Mediated, in which baiting is performed by an intermediate body such as that of Facebook friend suggestion system and secondly, the direct system in which baiting is visible to the targeted user.

Economics and care work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Economics and care work - Essay Example The dynamics of care work have changed from the care work practices provided in the Victorian period. Economic conditions during the Victorian era were quite harsh. Middle-class men worked like machine to earn livelihood and their desire to return home after hard labor was fructified by the comforting home environment provided with the home care efforts and artful handling of the home sphere by the ladies working whole day providing needed care to all members of the family. Relationship between the middle class spouses was based on mutual trust of exchanging and sharing gifts unlike the â€Å"crass† (Nelson, 2006). The Victorian ideology was not a totally correct presentation of the economic life; the lower class underwent all the harshness of economic reasoning of working as labor in shops along with their children over time without any additional wages. Thus, in the Victorian times, the ideology of â€Å"angel in the house† put curtains on the job of running a home and exploitation of the poor women and children by increasing industrialization (Nelson, 2006). Nuns used to perform care work out of religious bonding or until they got married. Theme of charity was behind most of care provided to the needy and under-privileged by nuns, single women and married women with earning husbands. It was assumed that nurses, healthcare workers, foster parents, and child care providers felt emotionally charged and motivated in Victorian times but the same legacy has led to believe in the wrong notions that people either work for money or freely out of love and compassion (Nelson, 2006). Care work is perceived by society to be done with the profit motive only, as is evident from the reference to the foster care provided by Rosa Fernandez who takes care of two foster children besides her own two children. Irony of the care providing mother is that she develops kinship with the foster children and her attachment while nurturing them creates a bonding although she is being paid for the care work she is providing but she will miss the children when taken aw ay by the lawyers and the case workers for adoption. There are not only emotional but financial constraints if the children are taken out of the foster care. Difference between a foster parent and a case worker and lawyer, as told by Rosa Fernandez to the sociologist, Teresa Toguchi Swartz, is that money is the leading motive of the case workers and lawyers irrespective of the welfare interest of the children (Nelson, 2006). This case shows that Rosa and her family is related and attached to the children under her foster care because of economic and at the same time ethical considerations. The social service providers overlook the love angle between the foster children and Rosa and assume that money is the only motive of the foster care provided by Rosa. They are least caring about the financial compulsions of the working-class people who would bear the pangs of separation from the child as their love is reciprocal; the child would also feel the loss of separation likewise Rosa and her family (Nelson, 2006). The crucial question that arises here is that is it possible to be inspired by love and money both. Some care workers acceptance of monetary help does not mean that they are not kind-hearted because they have accepted money and â€Å"commodified† the transaction. Here, the issue of motivation and care becomes crucial not only to be decided in care work but in any job taken to earn money (Nelson, 2006). Motivation being the significant factor in providing free care in the Victorian era, it could be either intrinsic motivation or extrinsic motivation. Both these are crucial and basic elements of motivation theory, which says that it is non-spatial irrespective of the rewards accruing from intrinsic motivation elements or extrinsic elements although the issue of motivation is quite personal and difficult (The Happy Manager, 2011). When care work provides intangible rewards, it is because they are inspired from within and, therefore, highly

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Globalization - Essay Example First, a firm may choose FDI rather than exporting when it wants to regulate cost uncertainty, as well as demand uncertainty. Through FDI, the international firm will meet the shifting local demand more quickly than when the firm uses exporting; this will improve the profits of the firm. Therefore, the firm may decide to internationalize business activities through FDI rather than exporting when the cost uncertainty is lower than the demand uncertainty. Moreover, firms that engage in the production of products that may be less similar may choose foreign direct investment as an entry strategy in foreign markets than the use of exporting. Another circumstance that may prompt a firm to use foreign direct investment rather than the other methods like exporting includes government policies. These may entail policies that discourage exports as a way of conducting international business. For example, nontariff as well as tariff barriers may discourage firms from choosing to export as an entry mode in international business. High taxes that may be levied on the exports may compromise the profits of the business enterprise. As a result, firms may choose to make direct investments in the foreign markets with an aim of maintaining productivity and profits. Tariffs may act as barriers to international trade, especially when firms depend on exports as a mode of entry in international markets. Another circumstance that may make a firm make a direct investment in a foreign country through FDI includes marketing concerns. This may entail the distribution, logistics, image of the firm, and responsiveness to the customers' needs. Firms that require quick and immediate feedback from the customers tend to choose FDI as the mode of entry in international markets (Markusen 2004, p. 287). Through FDI, the firm takes advantage of its presence in a foreign market to engage in widespread marketing of the products, which it produces. Thus, Foreign Direct Investment could be more favorable than exporting, licensing, and franchising in a situation where the firm wants to engage in enormous marketing of its products (Moran 2002, p. 100). Firms may also decide to internationalize their business activities through foreign direct investment where logistical considerations play an essential role in the activities of the firm. An example includes the costs attributed to internationalization th rough exporting (William 2004, p. 246). While firms decide to internationalize through exporting, some costs such as packaging, warehousing, distribution, and transporting costs will be incurred. Thus, in circumstances where firms want to avoid these costs, it will be more

Women in Business and Emloyment

Women in Business and Emloyment Presentation Women are turning into an unmistakable segment of the workforce. Women now make up 43 percent of the administrative, managerial, and official positions in the U.S. This may sound amazing, however tragically, a large portion of those occupations are just in lower level administration. Females  make up just three to seven percent of senior administration (VP and higher). There is still an incredible imbalance in corporate America. Antiquated perspectives are the primary concern keeping Women down. Numerous things originate from those antiquated perspectives including seeing Women as substandard, inappropriate behavior, and esteemed gentlemen issue. Women are battling these issues, be that as it may, and are increasing effective positions accordingly. This report will cover Women in administrative and official positions, what is keeping Women down, Women helping Women succeed, and Women who have become showbiz royalty.   In the past, females were just permitted to remain at home and deal with the children. It is not up to this point Women were permitted to enter the workforce, and considerably more as of late that they were permitted the opportunity to increase administrative or official positions. Albeit as indicated by U.S branch of Labor, Bureau of Statistics Women make up 43 percent of the administrative, managerial, and official positions in the U.S. The greater part of that rate, in any case, is comprised of lower level administration. Just three to five percent of official positions have a place with Women. That implies that 95 to 97 percent of every single senior supervisor (VP and higher) are men. For the most part white men to be exact. The numbers are even lower when you get the chance to significantly greater organizations. A 1990 investigation of the top Fortune 500 organizations by Mary Ann Von Glinow of the University of Southern California, demonstrated that Women were just 2.6% of th e corporate officers (the bad habit presidential level up) of those organizations. That is what is known as the unattainable rank. Women have an imperceptible obstruction that endeavors to keep them from ascending to an official level. Considerably more unfortunately, a great number of the official Women are there on the grounds that they began the organization, and substantially more since it is a lady claimed organization. There is still an esteemed gentleman state of mind that wins at the larger amounts of business. It is a state of mind that is far reaching in corporate America, which is that white folks are the best possibility for abnormal state occupations. There are numerous keen Women who are ignored, come up short on, and pushed aside for white men with less qualifications. Women get came up short on even at the official level, a May 1987 report by Nations Business demonstrated that Women at the bad habit presidential levels or more acquire 42 percent not as much as their male associates. That is a tremendous contrast in pay. An illustration could be that if a female made $300,000 a year, a male partne r doing the very same employment would make about $450,000. Women on Corporate Boards Corporate sheets are tragically comparable in their numbers. Just 4.5 percent of the Fortune 500 modern directorships are held by Women. On Fortune Service 500 organizations, just 5.6 percent of corporate executives are Women. Women are gaining more ground in this field than in the official officer field, be that as it may. Albeit not very many organizations have Women as a board executive, a recent report by the Glass Ceiling Commission demonstrates that 60 percent of Fortune 500 organizations had Women on their board. Women Owned Companies Many Women are beginning their own organizations. These arent infant organizations either. Extensive economy-shaking organizations such are E-cove are established by Women. This is one of the greatest figures changing the way Women are seen in the workforce. By and large, Women claimed organizations employ a significantly more proportionate number of Women and minorities than do their male partners (see figure 1). While Women tend to contract half guys and half females, men tend to procure just a third Women and the rest men. Men by and large lean toward a two to one proportion of men to Women. As mens organizations go up in esteem, they employ a littler and littler rate of Women. Figure 1] Whats Holding Women Back Old Fashioned Views against Women the primary things keeping Women down are out-dated perspectives about Women. Women have generally been maids and moms, remaining at home and taking requests from men. Women are raised to be small, easygoing, and never forceful. They are i nstructed not to raise their voices, be too immediate, too forward, or contend. They are particularly instructed not to act along these lines around guys. This thought remains imbued in the U.S. culture and makes it extremely hard to battle segregation. The court frameworks are still permitted to consider how a lady dresses in sexual separation cases, saying that on the off chance that they dress or act absolutely they are asking for licentious remarks and the culpable male was not out of line. With laws like that, it is no big surprise it is so difficult for Women to get equivalent treatment. Esteemed gentlemen This all ties into esteemed gentlemen thought that keeps Women down. Esteemed gentlemen are contained white male administrators who need to keep upper official America made up of just white guys. They consider Women who are solid to be feminazis or bitches. A solid man, then again, is thought to be resolved, persevering, and incredible upper administration material. These me n need to advance different guys which they have buddied up inside after-work exercises which Women are frequently prohibited from. Women officials are much of the time avoided from social exercises and frequently depict the clubbiness among the men that exists at the top. The corporate official suites are a definitive young mens clubs. Even on a more formal level, Women report there are certain sorts of gatherings they dont get welcomed to in light of the fact that they are not seen as approach creators. When looking at men and Women at a similar level, men by and large oversee more individuals, have more noteworthy flexibility to contract and fire individuals, and have more straightforward control over the organizations advantages. At the point when avoided from gatherings and not given as much power, it is much simpler to not recognize the ability and knowledge of these Women. Obviously, it as of now had been ignored or they would not be dealt with like that in any case. Women, Their Families, and the Real Problem Another view that keeps Women down is once they have youngsters they will turn out to be less dep endable and less committed to the organization. This thought is not valid and is yet another jerk see forced by men. In a Wall Street Journal/Gallup overview, Women administrators were requested that what they consider be the most genuine obstruction in their business professions. Just three percent said family duties, yet half named reasons identified with their sexual orientation, including male pettiness, dispositions toward a female supervisor, moderate headway for Women, and the basic truth of being a lady. In a review by Korn/Ferry International, official Women were made a request to name the best obstruction they needed to overcome to make progress; the most continuous reaction was basically being a lady (40 percent). More than 80 percent of the official Women in the Wall Street Journal/Gallup contemplate said they accept there are detriments to being a lady in the business world. They say that men dont consider them important. In a similar overview, 61 percent of the Women administrators revealed having been mixed up for a secretary at a conference and 25 percent said they had been disappoi nted on their way up the professional bureaucracy by male states of mind toward Women. Women Careers Women still have many generalizations to manage. They have employments that they are gathered to be in, for example, secretaries, medical attendants, and authoritative support. Ninety-nine percent of secretaries are Women, 93 percent of medical caretakers are Women, and 82 percent of regulatory/administrative bolster laborers are Women. Women are likewise the dominant part of material specialists (91 percent) and servants (82 percent). Women make up a greater part of these positions, however the quantities of official positions remain low. Women are likewise still paid not as much as men for a similar work. Full-time utilized Women still win impressively not as much as men. The normal man with a secondary school training working all day wins more than the normal lady all day laborer with a professional education. One reason Women experience serious difficulties to the top is the kind of occupations they are urged to go into. They are packed in regions that are generally staff and bol ster occupations, which dont have much chance to ascend to the top. Women are frequently excluded in the standard line employments. Notwithstanding when they get sufficiently fortunate to land a line position (which is the most well-known course to make it to a high official position) they are frequently the line employments which dont stamp them as pioneers or as profitable individuals from the organization. The most elevated positioning Women in many businesses are in non-working territories, for example, faculty, advertising, or, periodically, fund claims to fame that rarely prompt to the most intense top-administration positions. As specified some time recently, Women are significantly more liable to enlist an equivalent number of guys to females. Women business officials additionally overwhelmingly bolster womens activist positions. Women officials are giving a great deal of support to Women in lower positions. They are attempting to measure up to out the playing field. Sixty-three percent of the Women officials in the Korn/Ferry review trust that obstructions to Women have not fallen at the senior administration level, and 70 percent trust that Women dont get equivalent pay for tantamount occupations. In a Wall Street Journal/Gallup survey, more than four out of five Women administrators say there are weaknesses to being female in the business world. It is still an extremely out of line climate for Women. Women in high places, in any case, are attempting to roll out this improvement

Romeo and Juliet Movie versus Play :: Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet

One of the most celebrated plays in history, â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, was written by William Shakespeare in the late 16th century. It is a story about two lovers that have to meet in secret because of an ongoing family feud. Tragically, because of their forbidden love Romeo and Juliet take their lives so they can be together. In 1997, a movie was adapted from the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, directed by Baz Lurhmann. However, as alike as the movie and the play are, they are also relatively different. Paramount aspect of the movie and the play, the theme, were the same, and the overall messages in both were the same. For example, one main message in the stories was that love conquers all. This was demonstrated in both the play and the film when Romeo and Juliet kept secretly meeting each other even though they knew it was against their families’ wishes. In one scene of both the movie and the play Romeo and Juliet even got married and died together so that even if they could not be together on earth they would be together in death. Another message you learn from watching the movie and the play was that fighting solves nothing. In the play, when the two feuding families, the Montague’s and the Caplets, find their children dead they resolve their differences and agree to build a gold statue of Romeo and Juliet made out of gold after they state that their fighting only brought suffering. In the movie, although the families didn’t make up, you can infer that it wa s if the families and not been fighting that Romeo and Juliet would not have killed themselves, because they would not have to meet in secret and have Friar Lawrence devise a complicated plan so they could be together without their parents knowledge . Even though the themes were similar, the plot of the movie and the play were rather different. In the movie, Mercutio, Romeo’s friend, got an invitation to Lord Caplet’s ball where Romeo and Juliet meet, but in the movie Romeo and this friends go to Lord Capulet’s party uninvited. What's more, is that when Romeo was at the ball he was recognized by Tybalt, Juliet’s cousin, from the sound of his voice in the play, but in the movie Tybalt sees him. In addition to that one scene where Juliet was hysterical because she thought Romeo was dead was completely absent in the movie.